12
JOCHELSON, THE KORYAK.
The following alphabet is used in transcribing native words: —
a, e, i, u,.............. have their continental sounds (in the Chukchee and the Koryak always long).
o ........................... like o in nor.
a .......................... obscure vowel (long).
e .......................... like a in make.
a, e, i ........................ obscure vowels (short).
e .......................... like a in bell, but prolonged.
j ...................... a diphthong with an accent on i. It always has a laryngeal intonation, "i'.
o.............................. between o and u, long.
u ............................ mouth in i position, lips in u position (short).
w; y.......................... as in English.
Extra long and extra short vowels
are indicated by the macron and breve respectively.
The diphthongs are formed by combining any of the vowels with i and
u. Thus:
ai..............................
like i
in hide.
ei................................" ei " vein.
oj.............................. " oi " choice.
au............................. " ow " how.
I ........................... as in German.
I ........................... pronounced with the tip of the tongue touching the palate a little above the alveoli
of the upper jaw, the back of the tongue free.
L ............................ posterior palatal l, surd and exploded, the tip of the tongue touching the alveoli
of the upper jaw, the back of the tongue pressed against the hard palate.
L ............................ posterior palatal l, sonant.
r ............................ as in French.
r ........................... dental with slight trill.
r ............................ velar.
m.............................. as in English.
n ............................ as in English.
ñ ............................ nasal n sound.
n'.............................. palatized n (similar to ny).
b, p.......................... as in English.
b', p', d', t', g', k' have a spirant added (gekauchter Absatz of Sievers).
v............................... bilabial.
g ............................ like g in good.
h ............................ as in English.
x............................... like ch in German Bach.
x'.............................. " ch " " ich.
k............................... as in English.
q............................... velar k.
g ......................... velar g.
d, t........................... as in English.
d'.., t '.. ........................... palatized (similar to dy and ty).
s ........................... as in English.
s'............................... palatized (similar to sy).
s ........................... like German z.
c ........................... " English sh.
c ............................ " English ch.
j ........................... " j in French jour.
j ............................ " j in joy.
c'............................... strongly palatized c.
J' ............................ strongly palatized j.
!.................... designates increased stress of articulation.
d
'.................... a full pause between two vowels: yiñe'a.
-.................... is used to connect.